美国商务部前段时间下令禁止美国公司向中国中兴通讯出售产品,中兴将因此蒙受巨大损失。中兴产品有大量进口自美国的元器件,尤其是芯片。消息传出后,中兴A股、H股双双停牌,其美国供应商的股票大幅下跌,最严重的跌
yuanbiaoti:guochanshoujichangshangkonghuang!yinweimeiguoyaotingzhigongyingta...
美国商务部前段时间下令禁止美国公司向中国中兴通讯出售产品,中兴将因此蒙受巨大损失。中兴产品有大量进口自美国的元器件,尤其是。xiaoxichuanchuhou,zhongxingagu、hgushuangshuangtingpai,qimeiguogongyingshangdegupiaodafuxiadie,zuiyanzhongdediele30%yishang。
shoujixinpianshishenmezhongyaodecunzai?
读懂手机,就先要从“芯”开始
shoujixinpiantongchangshizhiyingyongyushoujitongxundenggongnengdexinpian,tajiuxiangshizhengbushoujidedanao。
rujinshoujidaduocaiyongdeshisocxinpian,jisocjichengdianluxinpian,takeyibazhongduochuligongnengjichengzaiyizhangjihaomidexinpiandangzhong。
jichengshiweileyouxiaojiangdidianzi/xinxixitongchanpindekaifachengben,suoduankaifazhouqi,tigaochanpindejingzhengli,shigongyejiecaiyongdezuizhuyaochanpinkaifafangshi。
SoC是一个微小型系统,如果说中央处理器(CPU)是大脑,那么SoC就是包括大脑、心脏、眼睛和手的系统。
shoujixinpianzhijiejuedingleshoujigongneng。changjiandeshouji“neizang”tongchangbaokuozheixiedanyuan:chuliqi、jidai、shepin、tuxingchuliqideng。biezheji,xiamianjiudainiyiyirenshi。
处理器(cpu)
手机CPU即手机上使用的处理器,是决定一部手机性能高低最为重要的部分,是整台手机的控制中枢系统,也是逻辑部分的控制中心。weichuliqitongguoyunxingcunchuqineideruanjianjidiaoyongcunchuqineideshujuku,dadaokongzhimude。
bansuizhechuliqi,haiyouyigegainianbudebuti,neijiushi“jiagou”。
“架构”就像是一种人类操作指令的翻译机。tajiangwomendecaozuochuandajicpu,shiqianzhaowomendeyuanwangyunxing。
jiagouzhijiejuedinglecpudegongzuoneironghegongzuonengli。muqian,shoujichuliqidejiagouzhuyaoyouarmheintel x86。
ARM架构在手机处理器领域占有90%的市场份额,处于绝对的垄断地位。目前主流的处理器芯片厂商几乎都是采用了ARM架构,比如,高通、德州仪器、英伟达、及苹果等。
众所周知Intel X86架构shipczhongdebazhu。baokuointelzhuyaodejingzhengduishouamdzainei,doushishiyongdex86jiagou,ranerzaishoujichuliqilingyu,x86jiuxiandelibucongxinle。
国产现状
muqianwomenhenduoguoneichangshangdouyijingkaishiyanzhishiyongzijidexinpian,ruhuaweidehaisiqilin、xiaomidesongguoxiliedeng。
xianjieduanguoneixinpianyebudebuyituoyushangmiandeliangzhongjiagou,danshizaichulinenglishangbuduanzuodaozishendewanshanyuchuangxin,jishenxianyoudejingzhenghuanjingbingzhengquzijideshichang,zheifangmianguoneideqiyezuodaole,erqiewanchengdehenbucuo。
基带与射频
手机的通讯功能主要就是靠这两个单元来实现。没有这两个单元,你就无法接打电话。
基带shishoujizhongdeyikuaidianlu,fuzewanchengyidongwangluozhongwuxianxinhaodejiediao、jierao、jiekuohejiemagongzuo,bingjiangzuizhongjiemawanchengdeshuzixinhaochuandijishangcengchulixitongjinxingchuli。
手机射频shizhijieshou、fasonghechuligaopinwuxiandianbodegongnengmokuai。
tongsulaijiang,jidaishibangningenchuliqiyiqixiediaojiejuetongxungongzuode,ershepinzeshizaininshenbianguangkuodexinhaowangluozhongshibiebingqiejieshou、fashexinhaode。
国产现状
budebutideshi,xianzaihenduoguoneidexinpianruhaisiqilin、songguodengzaijidaidanyuandezhizuofangmianyijingchuzaijiaoweiduliqiegaoshuizhundejieduanle,bingqiechanpindezhiliangyededaoleguoneiwaiyonghudekending。
shepinxinpianzhandaozhenggexianlubanmianjide30%~40%。zaijijiangdaolaide5gshidai,pinduandefashe、jieshounenglizhijieyingxiangzheshiyongxiaolv。xianzaishoujizhongsuoyouhexinqijiandouguochanhuale;
weiduyoushepinqijian,95%haishioumeichangshangzhudao,shenzhimeiyouyijiayazhouchangshangjinru。xiangxinzaibujiudejianglai,womenyekeyikaifashengchanzijideshepinxinpian。
图形处理器
suizheyidongxinpianchanyedefazhan,zaisocxinpiantixixia,dandudetuxingchuliqi(gpu)yijinghenshaozuoweiyigechulixinpiandandubuzhizaishoujizhubanzhongle,danshituxingchulidanyuanrengrancunzai。tadezuoyongjiushiwanchengkuzaofaweidedaimayuyanyutuxingzhijiandefanyigongzuo,zuizhongkeyirangnizaishoujipingmuzhongyekeyikandaowucaibanlandehuamian。
目前市场上主要的芯片品牌与层级(仅供参考)
最后的话:
xianzaishoujixinpianshichangrengranbeigaotong、sanxingdeng“dapai”zhanjuzhe,ranerzheizhong“longduan”quebingbuzaiwending。keyikandaozaiguonei,yiqilin、pengpaiweidaibiaodedalupinpaihelianfakeweidaibiaodetaiwanpinpaiyeyongyouzijideyixizhidi。
qizhonghuaweizai“gaoduan”dingweizhongyeyongyouzijiduoyangdechanpin。keyikandao,xinpianchanyekaishixiangquanqiuhua、duoyuanhuafangxiangfazhan,zaiweilaiyidinghuiyougengduodepinpaicanyudaoxinpiandejingzhengdangzhong,zhongguoxinpianjishuzaiweilaidefazhanqushizhongyehuibiandeyuefaquanmianerqiangda。duiciwomenshiyouliyouxiangxinbingqiebaochiqidaide。