至少在短期内我们会看到过多的芯片，一些直接相互竞争，另一些则专注于培训和推理的特定方面。这对行业意味着开发人员会有很多选择。与大规模商品化的CPU市场不同，该行业看起来更像是一个更加多样化，异构化和特定于应用程序的未来。
【编者按】是实现AI实现智能的当然载体，“无芯片，不AI”。这也使得如今的芯片行业进入到一个高爆发和强竞争的阶段。AI应用落地还有很长的路要走，而对于从业者来讲，当务之急是研究芯片架构问题。
congjisuandezaoqikaishi，renmenjiuyizhirenweirengongzhinengyouchaoyirihuigaibianzheigeshijie。jishinianlai，womenyijingkandaowushuliuxingwenhuacankaoheweilaizhuyisixiangjiasuomiaoshudeweilai，danjishubenshenrengrannanyizhuomo。zengliangjinbuzhuyaoguigongyubianyuanxueshujiehexiaofeixingqiyeyanjiubumen。
zheiyiqiedouzaiwunianqianfashenglebianhua。suizhexiandaishenduxuexidechuxian，womenyijingkandaolezheixiangjishuzaixingdongzhongdezhenshiyipie：jisuanjikaishikandao，tingdaohetanlun。rengongzhinengdiyiciganjueyouxing，chushoukeji。
jintianderengongzhinengkaifazhuyaoweiraoshenduxuexisuanfa，rujuanjiwangluo，xunhuanwangluo，shengchengduikangwangluo，qianghuaxuexi，jiaonangwangdeng。suoyouzheixiedouyouyigegongtongdian，jiushitamenxuyaodaliangdejisuannengli。weilezaituiguangzheizhongzhinengfangmianqudeshijijinzhan，womenxuyaochedijianchaweizheixiangjishutigongdonglidejisuanxitong。
2009nianfaxiangpuzuoweijisuanshebeitongchangbeishiweiyigeguanjianshike，bangzhuyinfaleweiraoshenduxuexidehanwujibaofa。congneishiqi，duibingxingjisuanjiagoudetouzibaozhashizengzhang。gugetpu（tensor processing unit）dexingfenjiushiyigehenhaodelizi，dantpucaiganggangkaishi。 cb insightsdefayanrengaosuwodetuandui，jinzai2017nian，xindezhuanyongaixinpianchuangyegongsijiuchoujile15yimeiyuan。zheitaijingrenle。
womenyijingkandaoxindechuangyegongsijinruxianchang，tiaozhanyingteer，amd，nvidia，weiruan，gaotong，gugeheibmdenglaopaiqiye。xianggraphcore，nervana，cerebras，groq，vathys，cambricon，sambanova systemshewave computingzheiyangdexinxinggongsizhengzaichengweiweishenduxuexideweilaipupingdaoludexinxing。suiranzheixiechuchuanggongsikendingzijinchongzu，danzheixiedoushizaoqide，womenhaimeiyoukandaosheijiangchengweiyingjia，jianglaihuiyoushenmeyangdelaoweibing。
Nvidia的统治地位
nvidiajianggpuzuoweirengongzhinengheshenduxuexidetidaipinyinruzhuliu。 gaigongsijisuancongxiaofeizheyouxilingdaozhedaoaixinpiangongsidezhuanbianyizhidouhenbucuo。 jiuxiangqiduivoltade30yimeiyuantouziyijixiangcuda / cudnnzheiyangdeshenduxuexiruanjiankudetuidong，tajiangqiconglingxiandiweituixiangshichangzhudaodiwei。 qunian，tadegupiaozoudaolejintou，shouxizhixingguanjensen huangbei“caifu”zazhipingweinianduzuijiashangren，bingyincihuodele“xinyingteer”demeiyu。
danshisuirannvidiazaiwaiguanshangkenengkanqilaiwanquanbutong，dantarengranzhishizhizaolejishinianlaizhizuodexiangtongxianka。dangpuzuoweiaijishudeweilaishangbuqueding。pipingzherenwei，gpuyijingjimanle20niandebushiyongyushenduxuexi。 gpushitongyongshebei，kezhichigezhongyingyong，baokuocongwulimonidaodianyingxuanrandesuoyouyingyong。womenbuyaowangji，zai2009nianshenduxuexizhongshoucishiyonggpujibenshangshiyizhongheikexingwei。
ASIC的兴起
攻击芯片市场的公司正在证明AI将在专用芯片上更快地执行光照。最可能的候选者是ASIC（专用集成电路），它可以高度优化以执行特定任务。
ruguoninrenweixinpianshicongtongyongdaozhuanyongdefazhan，neimepinpubaokuoyifangmiandecpu，zhongjiandegpuhefpga，lingyifangmianbaokuoasic。
cpuzaizhixinggaodufuzadecaozuofangmianfeichangyouxiao - jibenshangyuzhichishenduxuexixunlianhetuilidetedingshuxueleixingxiangfan。xinjinruzhezhengzaiyazhuasic，yinweitamenkeyizaixinpianjisheji，yichulidaliangjiandanderenwu。gaibankeyizhuanyongyuyizuzhaihanshu - zaizheizhongqingkuangxia，xishujuzhenchengfa，juyougaodubingxingxing。jishishishejiweikebianchengqieyincishaoweigengjiatongyonghuadefpga，qiyinhandeduogongnengxingyeshoudaozuai。
zhuanyongaixinpiandexingnengtishengshixianeryijiande。neimezheiduigengguangfandejishulingyuyiweizheshenmeni？
未来是非商品化的
相对于CPU而言，GPU已经没有商品化了，而我们所看到的AI芯片投资的巨大增长是GPU最终会被更专业的东西取代。kaolvdaonvidiadecunzai，yingteerdex86 cpujishuguoyupubianhua，wufamanzuduituxingmijixingyingyongbuduanzengzhangdexuqiu，zheiliyouyidianfengci。zheiyici，yingteerhenvidiadoubuhuixiushoupangguan，rangchuangyegongsitunshizheigexinshichang。jihuitaidale。
kenengdeqingkuangshi，womenhuikandaonvidiaheyingteerjixudalitouzivoltahenervana（yijitamendejirenzhe）。youyuhucaozuoxingwenti，amdyizhizaikukuzhengzha（canjianxiamianderuanjianbufen），danhenkenenghuihenkuaitichukeyongdedongxi。weiruanhegugezhengzaiyubrainwavehetpuyijixuduoqitaxiangmuhezuo。ranhoushisuoyouchuangyegongsi。zheifenmingdansihumeizhouzengzhang，nihennanzhaodaoyigefengxiantouzijijin，gaijijinmeiyouduizhishaoyigecanyuzhejinxingguoxiangdangdadeduzhu。
xinpianlingyudelingyigewentishibianyuanjisuan，qizhongtuilishizhijiezaishebeishangjisuande，erbushiyunneihuanjinghuogongsishujuzhongxin。moxingkeyizhijiebushuzaibianyuan，yimanzudiyanchiyaoqiu（yidong）huoduidigonghao，jianxielianjieshebei（qianrushi，wulianwang）jinxingyuce。zuijinyoujigeguanyujiyubianyuandeaijiasuqidegonggao，lirugoogledeedge tpu。
打开有关未来的问题
xinpianlingyuderenhexinrenmianlindezuidatiaozhankenengbushiyingjian - tashiruanjian。 nvidiapingjiecuda / cudnnzaishichangshangzhanyouyixizhidi，cuda / cudnnshiruanjianku，gouchengleweiyuxinpiandingbudebiyaochouxiangceng，shitensorflowhepytorchdengkuangjiawuxubianxiefuzadedijizhilingjikeyunxing。ruguomeiyouzheixiegaojiku，tongchanghennancongdaimadejiaodulaidingweixinpian。
wentishi，cudahecudnnbushikaiyuande。tamenshizhuanyoubao，zhinengzainvidiayingjianshangyunxing。zaikaifarenyuankeyiliyongasiczhiqian，tigongshangxuyaoshouxianzhaodaoyizhongxinfangfa，shikuangjiakeyiqingsongfangwenqixinpian。ruguomeiyouzheiyidian，kaifarenyuanjiangbuhuicaiyongzhongyaode（ruguoyoudehua） - kaifarenyuanzhihuijianchishiyongnvidia，yinweitakexing。xuyaoyouyigedengtongyucuda / cudnndekaiyuanhuoxuyaoyizhidaotedingasicdekuangjia，jiuxianggoogleduitpuhetensorflowsuozuodeneiyang。meiyoumingxiandejiejuefangan，zheishiyigejudadezhangai。
这是什么意思呢？
至少在短期内，我们会看到过多的芯片，一些直接相互竞争，另一些则专注于培训和推理的特定方面。这对行业意味着开发人员会有很多选择。与大规模商品化的CPU市场不同，该行业看起来更像是一个更加多样化，异构化和特定于应用程序的未来。
虽然我们不知道具体结果是什么，但有一点是肯定的：人工智能的未来在于专用ASIC而不是商品硬件。
airuhechixushentoupinganchengshi？anfangqiyeweihefenfen“jinjun”shangye？zhihuijiaotongchule“danao”haigaiguanzhushenme？ruhezhuazhunjiatingshequanquanlingsandeshichang？
2019nian5yue23/24ri，yioujiangjubangiis2019zhongguozhihuichengshifenghui，bencifenghuijiangyanxuqianliangcihuidezhuti，yaoqingzhimingzhuanjiaxuezhe、xingyelongtouqiye、biaoganchuchuangqiye、zhimingtouzirendeng，jujiaojishuzaizhihuichengshilingyu（pinganchengshi、zhinengshangye、zhihuijiaotong、jiatingshequanquan）deyingyongxianzhuangjiweilaifazhan。
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